Annie Menzel: White Innocence and Black Infant Mortality

Annie Menzel discusses her book, Fatal Denial Racism and the Political Life of Black Infant Mortality. Drawing on her own experience as a midwife as inspiration, Prof. Menzel lays out the history of white innocence, flawed racial science, and the cult of true babyhood all contribute to real violence to black maternal outcomes. As overt racist practices gave way to more systemic biases, they seamlessly perpetuated black infanticide by blaming Black mothers and communities themselves. While the…

Kali Gross: Vengeance Feminism

Kali Gross discusses her book, Vengeance Feminism: The Power of Black Women's Fury in Lawless Times. Prof. Gross looks at the stories of Black women who hit back—not always figuratively, and not always legally either. Reckoning with women who lied, robbed, and cheated a racist, misogynistic world, these women's stories illustrate how they grappled with the daily violence of their lives. Kali Gross is the National Endowment for the Humanities Professor of African American Studies at…

Kellie Carter Jackson: Black Resistance to White Supremacy

Kellie Carter Jackson, Professor of Africana Studies and the Chair of the Africana Studies Department Wellesley College, discusses her book, We Refuse: A Forceful History of Black Resistance. Prof. Carter Jackson explains how she sees black resistance to white supremacy falling to several categories — revolution, protection, force, flight and joy. To illustrate how each one works in history, she recounts stories of ordinary people's everyday refusals and rebellions, focusing on the activism…

Grace E. Howard: Eugenics, Drugs, and Fetal Personhood

Grace Howard discusses her book, The Pregnancy Police: Conceiving Crime, Arresting Personhood . Professor Howard illustrates how our society has regulated and criminalized pregnancy, through the history of eugenic race science, the war on drugs, fetal personhood laws. Slowly, medical professionals fell in line with prosecutors and police to enforce fetal assault laws with increasing risks to women, families, and ultimately, society. Grace Howard is an Associate Professor of Justice Studies…

Felicity Turner: Proving Pregnancy

Felicity Turner, Associate Professor in the Department of History at Georgia Southern University, discusses her book Proving Pregnancy: Gender, Law, and Medical Knowledge in Nineteenth-Century America. Professor Turner explores the intersection of law and the emerging medical professionalization in cases of infanticide in the United States. By examining the legal documents, she is able to show how women's knowledge was invaluable to pregnancy and birth, often called to be expert witnesses…

Kathleen Crowther: History of Controlling Pregnancy

Kathleen M. Crowther discusses her book, Policing Pregnant Bodies: From Ancient Greece to Post-Roe America. She explores the deeply rooted medical and philosophical ideas that continue to reverberate in the politics of women's health and reproductive autonomy. From the idea that a detectable heartbeat is the voice of the unborn to why maternal mortality rates in the United States have risen. Abortion restrictions are based in a fetal primacy history that systematically wrote out of the…

Jaquelyn Jahn: Police Violence and Pregnant People

Jaquelyn Jahn, Assistant Professor of Epidemiology at Drexel University, discusses her articles "Neighborhood Proactive Policing and Racial Inequities in Preterm Birth in New Orleans, 2018‒2019" and "Gestational Exposure to Fatal Police Violence and Pregnancy Loss in U.S. Core Based Statistical Areas, 2013-2015." Professor Jahn discusses how police violence and over-policing disproportionately affects Black, Native American, and Hispanic people, and increases the risk of…

Deirdre Cooper Owens: Slavery Origins of Gynecology

Professor Deirdre Cooper Owens discusses her book, Medical Bondage: Race, Gender and the Origins of American Gynecology, which traces the origins of American reproductive health to slave hospitals. As white doctors expanded their practices onto plantations, quickly pregnancy and birth became the focus of their practices. Dr. James Marion Sims with other nineteenth-century gynecologists performed experimental caesarean sections, ovariotomies, and obstetric fistula repairs primarily on enslaved…

Alys Weinbaum: Slavery and Surrogacy

Alys Weinbaum, professor of English at the University of Washington, discusses her book, The Afterlife of Reproductive Slavery. Professr Weinbaum examines how the legal and cultural impact of Atlantic slavery defined slave reproduction and enslaved women as “biocapital.” This form of racialized capitalism changed human reproduction from kinship to “breeding.” How this ideology remains four centuries later in the emerging markets for female egg harvesting to the multimillion dollar international…

Jenifer Barclay: Slavery and Disability

Jenifer Barclay is an associate professor and the Associate Director at the Center for Disability Studies at the University of Buffalo. Professor Jenifer Barclay discusses how disability and ablism helped shape American ideas of slavery, black bodies, and the medical practice. She explains how the antebellum South justified slavery by linking blackness to disability, defectiveness, and dependency. Both proslavery and abolitionists used disability as a frame to further their arguments about the…

Rebecca Grant: Pregnancy in America

Journalist Rebecca Grant author of "Birth: Three Mothers, Nine Months, and Pregnancy in America" discusses her book. She describes the current state of maternal care in America, how midwifery factored into early American birth care, and how the rise of doulas can minimize harm during pregnancy and birth. Racial, social, and economic roadblocks create a system in maternal health defined in part by discrimination, judgment, and disparate treatment. But while things can seem desperate,…

Samantha Pinto: Hemmings, Baartman, and Complicated Fame

Samantha Pinto is a Professor, Department of English and Director, Humanities Institute at University of Texas at Austin. Professor Samantha Pinto discusses her book, Infamous Bodies Early Black Women’s Celebrity and the Afterlives of Rights. Using the idea of "vulnerability" as a touchstone to explain the celebrity of Sally Hemings and Sarah "the Hottentot Venus" Baartman, Prof. Pinto describes how each woman's agency is complicated by dominant systems of coercion and…

Elizabeth Gillespie McRae: Women of White Supremacy

Elizabeth Gillespie McRae is the Creighton Sossoman Professor of History at Western Carolina University where she also co-directs the Appalachian Oral History Project. Professor Elizabeth Gillespie McRae discusses her book, Mothers of Massive Resistance. We begin with the shocking history of Virgina's Racial Integrity Law which sought to identify citizens attempting to "pass" as white and how this law served to discipline Segregationist ideologies. Next, we look into how women…

Jennifer Morgan: Motherhood and Slavery

Jennifer L. Morgan is Professor of History in the department of Social and Cultural Analysis at New York University where she also serves as Chair. She is the author of Reckoning with Slavery: Gender, Kinship and Capitalism in the Early Black Atlantic. Professor Morgan discusses recent journal article “Partus Sequitur Ventrem: Law, Race, and Reproduction in Colonial Slavery." Exploring how Virginia laws developed to codify enslaved women's reproductive labor, by defining and…